Multi-channel networks, like river deltas and confluences, are particularly susceptible to ice jamming because of their low channel gradients, channel junctions, and the presence of mid-channel islands. Ice jams are often associated with high water levels which can lead to flooding. Here we use River1D Network model to simulate the ice jams and the associated water levels during the 2009 river breakup on the Hay River Delta.

Blackburn, J. and She, Y. (2023). The simulation of ice jam profiles in multi-channel systems using a one-dimensional network model. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 208, 103796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.103796

Numerical model is a powerful tool when used in conjunction with good laboratory and/or field data.  In this study, we calibrated and validated River1D Ice Process model with unprecedentedly comprehensive field data of the Susitna River, Alaska. Shown in the figures below are a comparison of the modeled and observed ice front location and water temperature during the winter 2012. The validated model can then be used to evaluate the impact of climate change and anthropogenic activities on river ice processes.

Blackburn, J. and She, Y. (2019). A comprehensive public-domain river ice process model and its application to a complex natural river. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 163, 44-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2019.04.010